CYFIP2
What is CYP2C19 (CYP2C19)?
CYP2C19 is a gene that provides instructions for making an enzyme called cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19). This enzyme is primarily found in the liver and plays a crucial role in the metabolism of various medications, including proton pump inhibitors, antidepressants, and antiplatelet drugs.
Associated Diseases
Genetic variations in the CYP2C19 gene can lead to different drug metabolism phenotypes:
- Poor metabolizers (PMs): Individuals with two copies of non-functional CYP2C19 alleles have significantly reduced enzyme activity, resulting in higher drug concentrations in the body and potentially increased side effects.
- Intermediate metabolizers (IMs): Individuals with one non-functional and one functional CYP2C19 allele have reduced enzyme activity, leading to moderately higher drug levels compared to extensive metabolizers.
- Extensive metabolizers (EMs): Individuals with two functional CYP2C19 alleles have normal enzyme activity and typically experience average drug metabolism rates.
- Ultra-rapid metabolizers (UMs): Individuals with multiple functional CYP2C19 alleles have increased enzyme activity, resulting in lower drug concentrations and potentially reduced effectiveness.
Did you Know ?
CYP2C19 genetic variations significantly influence drug metabolism in 15-20% of the population, making it one of the most common genes responsible for inter-individual differences in drug response.
