LILRB1

Description

The LILRB1 (leukocyte immunoglobulin like receptor B1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LILRB1 gene.

== Function == This gene is a member of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR) family, which is found in a gene cluster at chromosomal region 19q13.4. The encoded protein belongs to the subfamily B class of LIR receptors which contain two or four extracellular immunoglobulin domains, a transmembrane domain, and two to four cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). The receptor is expressed on immune cells where it binds to MHC class I molecules on antigen-presenting cells and transduces a negative signal that inhibits stimulation of an immune response. It is thought to control inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity to help focus the immune response and limit autoreactivity. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

== See also == Cluster of differentiation

== References ==

== Further reading ==

== External links == LILRB1+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

LILRB1 is a receptor for class I MHC antigens, including a broad range of HLA alleles (A, B, C, G, and F), as well as the human cytomegalovirus class I MHC homolog H301/UL18. Ligand binding triggers inhibitory signals, leading to downregulation of the immune response. LILRB1 on NK or T cells protects target cells from lysis by recognizing class I MHC molecules. It also interacts with HLA-B and HLA-E to inhibit FCER1A signaling and serotonin release. LILRB1 further inhibits FCGR1A-mediated phosphorylation and calcium mobilization. It specifically recognizes HLA-G in complex with B2M/beta-2 microglobulin and a nonamer self-peptide, triggering growth factor secretion by decidual NK cells upon interaction. LILRB1 also reprograms B cells towards an immune suppressive phenotype.

LILRB1 is also known as CD85J, ILT-2, ILT2, LIR-1, LIR1, MIR-7, MIR7, PIR-B, PIRB.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing