KLK14
Description
The KLK14 (kallikrein related peptidase 14) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.
Kallikrein-14 is a protein encoded by the KLK14 gene in humans. Kallikreins are a group of serine proteases with diverse physiological roles. Evidence suggests that many kallikreins are involved in cancer development, and some hold potential as biomarkers for cancer, skin disorders, and other diseases. The KLK14 gene is part of a cluster of 15 kallikrein subfamily members on chromosome 19. Besides the common transcript, an additional transcript variant has been described, but its function and full length are not yet determined. KLK14 exhibits optimal trypsin-like activity at an alkaline pH of 8.0 and remains active in the pH range of 5.0-9.0. It is produced as a zymogen but can also function in a chymotrypsin-like manner. Activation of KLK14 is mediated by KLK5, and after activation, it amplifies the activity of KLK proteases through a positive feedback loop by cleaving pro-KLK5, a key player in the KLK cascade. While the complete function of KLK14 is not fully understood, its most notable substrate is PAR2. Its activity is inhibited by various proteins, including macroglobulins, serpins, the serine protease inhibitor lympho-epithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor (LEKTI), micro-environmental pH, and single-metal-ion inhibitors of KLKs, among others.
KLK14, also known as kallikrein-related peptidase 14, is a serine protease that exhibits both trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like activity. It can activate or inactivate proteinase-activated receptors F2R, F2RL1, and F2RL3, as well as other kallikreins including KLK1, KLK3, KLK5, and KLK11. KLK14 plays a role in seminal clot liquefaction by directly cleaving semenogelins SEMG1 and SEMG2 and activating KLK3. It also contributes to epidermal desquamation by cleaving desmoglein DSG1, which sheds the outermost layer of skin cells. Moreover, KLK14 is implicated in tumor progression, including growth, invasion, and angiogenesis. These functions have been supported by studies published in PubMed (PMID: 15654974, 16885167, 17158887, 17625593, 18056261, 18482984).
KLK14 is also known as KLK-L6.
Associated Diseases
- esophageal cancer
- familial idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
- proteinuria, chronic benign
- dicarboxylic aminoaciduria
- Dent disease
- ketoacidosis due to monocarboxylate transporter-1 deficiency
- nephrotic syndrome 16
- lipoprotein glomerulopathy
- exercise-induced hyperinsulinism
- glycogen storage disorder due to hepatic glycogen synthase deficiency
- glomerulopathy with fibronectin deposits 2
- focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 7
