TBXA2R
Description
The TBXA2R (thromboxane A2 receptor) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.
The thromboxane receptor (TP), also known as the prostanoid TP receptor, is a protein encoded by the TBXA2R gene. It's one of five prostanoid receptor classes and was the first eicosanoid receptor cloned. It gets its name from its preferred ligand, thromboxane A2. The TBXA2R gene is located on human chromosome 19, spans 15 kilobases, and contains 5 exons. It codes for a member of the G protein-coupled superfamily of seven-transmembrane receptors. Two TP receptor subtypes exist: the α isoform (originally cloned from human placenta) and the β isoform (a splice variant cloned from endothelium). Both isoforms stimulate cells by activating the Gq family of G proteins. However, TPα also stimulates cells by activating the Gs family of G proteins, while TPβ also stimulates cells by activating the Gi class of G proteins, leading to different cellular responses due to their impact on adenylate cyclase activity.
The thromboxane A2 receptor (TXA2R) binds to thromboxane A2 (TXA2), a potent stimulator of platelet aggregation. This binding activates a G-protein, which in turn activates the phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. In the kidney, the binding of TXA2 to glomerular TP receptors causes intense vasoconstriction. The receptor also activates phospholipase C.
TBXA2R is also known as BDPLT13, TXA2-R.
