POLD2

Description

The POLD2 (DNA polymerase delta 2, accessory subunit) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 7.

DNA polymerase delta subunit 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLD2 gene. It is a component of the DNA polymerase delta complex.

POLD2, also known as DNA polymerase delta subunit p50, is a crucial component of both the DNA polymerase delta complex and the DNA polymerase zeta complex. As part of the trimeric and tetrameric DNA polymerase delta complexes (Pol-delta3 and Pol-delta4, respectively), it plays a vital role in accurate genome replication, including lagging strand synthesis and repair. Pol-delta3 and Pol-delta4 differ in their catalytic activities, with Pol-delta3 displaying higher proofreading capabilities than Pol-delta4. While both Pol-delta3 and Pol-delta4 process Okazaki fragments in vitro, Pol-delta3 exhibits a near-absence of strand displacement activity, suggesting a better suitability for this task. In addition, Pol-delta3's idling process helps prevent gap formation while maintaining a nick for easy ligation. Alongside DNA polymerase kappa, DNA polymerase delta contributes to approximately half of nucleotide excision repair (NER) synthesis following UV irradiation. Under replication stress conditions, it is essential for the repair of broken replication forks via break-induced replication (BIR). POLD2 also participates in translesion synthesis (TLS) by facilitating abasic site bypass in Pol-delta4, independently of DNA polymerases zeta (REV3L) or eta (POLH). POLD2 also enhances the efficiency and processivity of DNA synthesis in the DNA polymerase zeta complex when combined with POLD3, compared to the minimal zeta complex consisting only of REV3L and REV7. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12403614, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16510448, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19074196, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20227374, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20334433, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24035200, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24310611, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24449906}

POLD2 is also known as -.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing