RORC
Description
The RORC (RAR related orphan receptor C) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
RORC may refer to:
RORC is a nuclear receptor that binds to DNA as a monomer at ROR response elements (ROREs), which contain a single core motif half-site 5'-AGGTCA-3' preceded by a short A-T-rich sequence. It is a key regulator of cellular differentiation, immunity, peripheral circadian rhythm, and lipid, steroid, xenobiotics, and glucose metabolism. RORC has intrinsic transcriptional activity and is regulated by natural ligands like oxysterols, which act as agonists (25-hydroxycholesterol) or inverse agonists (7-oxygenated sterols), enhancing or repressing transcriptional activity, respectively. It recruits distinct combinations of cofactors to modulate gene expression depending on tissue, time, and promoter context. RORC regulates the circadian expression of clock genes like CRY1, BMAL1, and NR1D1 in peripheral tissues in a tissue-selective manner. It competes with NR1D1 for binding to shared DNA response elements on these clock genes, influencing the period length and stability of the clock. RORC also regulates rhythmic expression of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, such as PLIN2 and AVPR1A. It is a negative regulator of adipocyte differentiation and controls adipogenesis, adipocyte size, and insulin sensitivity in obesity. In the liver, RORC has specific and redundant functions with RORA as a positive or negative modulator of expression of genes encoding phase I and phase II proteins involved in the metabolism of lipids, steroids, and xenobiotics, such as SULT1E1. It also regulates hepatocyte glucose metabolism through the regulation of G6PC1 and PCK1. RORC regulates the rhythmic expression of PROX1 and promotes its nuclear localization. It plays an indispensable role in IFN-gamma-dependent anti-mycobacterial systemic immunity. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P51450, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19381306, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19965867, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20203100, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22789990, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26160376}
RORC is also known as IMD42, NR1F3, RORG, RZR-GAMMA, RZRG, TOR.
