ILF2
Description
The ILF2 (interleukin enhancer binding factor 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
Interleukin enhancer-binding factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ILF2 gene. Nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) is a transcription factor required for T-cell expression of the interleukin 2 gene. NFAT binds to a sequence in the interleukin 2 gene enhancer known as the antigen receptor response element 2. In addition, NFAT can bind RNA and is an essential component for encapsidation and protein priming of hepatitis B viral polymerase. NFAT is a heterodimer of 45 kDa and 90 kDa proteins, the smaller of which is the product of this gene. The encoded protein binds strongly to the 90 kDa protein and stimulates its ability to enhance gene expression. ILF2 has been shown to interact with CDC5L and DNA-PKcs. ILF2 and ILF3 have been identified as autoantigens in mice with induced lupus, in canine systemic rheumatic autoimmune disease, and as a rare finding in humans with autoimmune disease.
ILF2 is a chromatin-interacting protein that forms a stable heterodimer with interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3 (ILF3). This heterodimer plays a role in various biological processes, including transcription, innate immunity, and cell growth. ILF2 is essential for the efficient transport of ILF3 (isoforms 1 and 2) into the nucleus. Together with ILF3, ILF2 forms an RNA-binding complex that regulates the expression of mitotic genes, which is crucial for mitotic progression and cytokinesis. ILF2 also competes with STAU1/STAU2-mediated mRNA decay, preventing the degradation of specific mRNAs. In addition, ILF2 contributes to the inhibition of viruses such as Japanese encephalitis virus and enterovirus 71.
ILF2 is also known as NF45, PRO3063.
