GLYR1
Description
The GLYR1 (glyoxylate reductase 1 homolog) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16.
GLYR1, also known as N-PAC, is a cytokine-like nuclear factor that plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression by modifying chromatin structure. It acts as a nucleosome-destabilizing factor, recruited to genes during transcriptional activation. GLYR1 binds to histone H3 without a preference for specific epigenetic markers and also interacts with DNA. Notably, it interacts with KDM1B, a histone demethylase, promoting its activity by facilitating the capture of H3 tails. Together, they form a complex that modifies transcribed chromatin and facilitates Pol II transcription. Furthermore, GLYR1 stimulates the acetylation of Lys-56 of nucleosomal histone H3 (H3K56ac) by EP300. In collaboration with GATA4, GLYR1 co-binds a specific set of heart development genes, regulating their expression during cardiomyocyte differentiation. Additionally, GLYR1 regulates p38 MAP kinase activity, mediating stress activation of MAPK14/p38alpha and specifically modulating MAPK14 signaling. It indirectly promotes phosphorylation of MAPK14 and activation of ATF2. The phosphorylation of MAPK14 requires upstream activity of MAP2K4 and MAP2K6.
GLYR1 is also known as BM045, HIBDL, N-PAC, NP60, NPAC, hNDF.
Associated Diseases
- hemoglobin D disease
- hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin-sickle cell disease syndrome
- atrioventricular septal defect 5
- ventricular septal defect 1
