EXOSC4
Description
The EXOSC4 (exosome component 4) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 8.
Exosome component 4, also known as EXOSC4, is a human gene, which is part of the exosome complex.
== Interactions == Exosome component 4 has been shown to interact with Exosome component 2.
EXOSC4 is a non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex, which plays a crucial role in various cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, it participates in the proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA, and snoRNA. It also eliminates RNA processing by-products and non-coding transcripts like antisense RNA and PROMPTs, and mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting their export to the cytoplasm. EXOSC4 may be involved in Ig class switch recombination (CSR) and Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) by directing AICDA deamination activity to transcribed dsDNA substrates. In the cytoplasm, EXOSC4 contributes to general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions. It also participates in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing the translation of aberrant mRNAs. EXOSC4 is involved in the degradation of histone mRNA. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex (Exo-9), which contains EXOSC4, is proposed to bind and present RNA for ribonucleolysis and act as a scaffold for associating with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins. EXOSC4 binds to ARE-containing RNAs.
EXOSC4 is also known as RRP41, RRP41A, Rrp41p, SKI6, Ski6p, hRrp41p, p12A.
