ENPP3
Description
The ENPP3 (ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 6.
ENPP3 is an enzyme encoded by the ENPP3 gene in humans. It belongs to a family of ectoenzymes that break down extracellular nucleotides. These enzymes possess ATPase and ATP pyrophosphatase activities and are type II transmembrane proteins. The rat version of this gene is expressed in immature glial cells and the digestive tract, with the protein found in the pancreas, small intestine, colon, and liver. The human version is expressed in glioma cells, prostate, and uterus, with the protein found in the uterus, basophils, and mast cells. ENPP3 is also used in conjunction with CD63 as a marker for activated basophils in the Basophil Activation Test for IgE mediated allergic reactions.
ENPP3 is an enzyme that breaks down extracellular nucleotides, such as ATP, GTP, UTP, and CTP. This breakdown helps to limit the activation of mast cells and basophils, which are involved in inflammation and allergic responses. ENPP3 also plays a role in preventing ATP-induced apoptosis of intestinal plasmacytoid dendritic cells. It has been shown to have alkaline phosphodiesterase activity in vitro.
ENPP3 is also known as B10, CD203c, NPP3, PD-IBETA, PDNP3.
