ELP3
Description
The ELP3 (elongator acetyltransferase complex subunit 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 8.
ELP3, also known as KAT9, is a protein encoded by the ELP3 gene. It serves as the catalytic histone acetyltransferase subunit of the RNA polymerase II elongator complex, a component of the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) holoenzyme involved in transcriptional elongation. ELP3 promotes the migration and branching of projection neurons through alpha-tubulin acetylation in the developing cerebral cortex. In mammals, ELP3 plays a critical role in paternal DNA demethylation after fertilization. Additionally, ELP3 potentially contributes to cellular redox homeostasis by mediating the acetylation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Further, ELP3 may participate in chromatin remodeling and is involved in the acetylation of histones H3 and potentially H4.
ELP3 acts as a tRNA uridine(34) acetyltransferase within the elongator complex, mediating the formation of carboxymethyluridine at position 34 in tRNAs. This modification is crucial for multiple tRNA modifications, including mcm5U, mcm5s2U, and ncm5U. While ELP3 may also function as a protein lysine acetyltransferase, recent evidence suggests its primary role is as a tRNA acetyltransferase. ELP3 is involved in neurogenesis, regulating the migration and branching of projection neurons in the developing cerebral cortex through alpha-tubulin acetylation. It also plays a role in the acetylation of GJA1 during cerebral cortex development.
ELP3 is also known as KAT9.
Associated Diseases
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- breast cancer
- type 2 diabetes mellitus
- intestinal neoplasm
- cancer
- osteochondritis dissecans
