ELMO1
Description
The ELMO1 (engulfment and cell motility 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 7.
Engulfment and cell motility protein 1 (ELMO1) is a protein encoded by the ELMO1 gene in humans. ELMO1 is located on chromosome 7 in humans and chromosome 13 in mice. It has 720 residues and contains three domains: an N-terminal Armadillo domain (residues 82-262), a central ELMO domain (301-492), and a C-terminal pleckstrin homology domain (residues 527-674). It also has a pro-rich motif at its C-terminus. The structure of the pleckstrin homology domain has been determined by X-ray crystallography. ELMO1 interacts with the dedicator of cytokinesis 1 protein to promote phagocytosis and cell shape changes. Its similarity to a C. elegans protein suggests a potential role in apoptosis and cell migration. Alternative splicing of the gene results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. ELMO1 has been shown to interact with Dock180 and HCK. ELMO1 directly interacts with the SH3 domain of HCK. The association between ELMO1 and HCK depends on polyproline interactions.
ELMO1 plays a role in cytoskeletal rearrangements essential for the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cell motility. It works in collaboration with DOCK1 and CRK proteins. Initially, it was suggested that ELMO1, in conjunction with DOCK1, is necessary for activating Rac Rho small GTPases. It is possible that ELMO1 enhances the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity of DOCK1.
ELMO1 is also known as CED-12, CED12, ELMO-1.
