GTF2H5 : general transcription factor IIH subunit 5
Description
The GTF2H5 (general transcription factor IIH subunit 5) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 6.
The GTF2H5 gene provides instructions for making a protein called p8 or TTDA. This protein is one part (subunit) of a group of related proteins known as the general transcription factor 2 H (TFIIH) complex. The TFIIH complex has two major functions: it is involved in the process of gene transcription, which is the first step in protein production, and it helps repair damaged DNA. DNA can be damaged by ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun and by toxic chemicals, such as those found in cigarette smoke. DNA damage occurs frequently, but normal cells are usually able to fix it before it can cause problems. One of the major mechanisms that cells use to fix DNA is known as nucleotide excision repair (NER). As part of this repair mechanism, the TFIIH complex opens up the section of double-stranded DNA that surrounds the damage. The TTDA protein helps with this process by stabilizing the TFIIH complex and maintaining its structure. Once the damaged region has been exposed, other proteins snip out (excise) the abnormal section and replace the damaged area with the correct DNA.
The GTF2H5 gene encodes a protein called p8 or TTDA, a crucial subunit of the TFIIH complex. This complex plays a vital role in both DNA repair and RNA transcription. In DNA repair, specifically nucleotide excision repair (NER), TFIIH unwinds DNA around damaged regions, facilitating the removal of damaged segments and their replacement with correct DNA sequences. During transcription, TFIIH participates in the initiation process, contributing to promoter opening and release of RNA polymerase II. This protein is essential for TFIIH complex stability and maintaining normal TFIIH levels in cells.
GTF2H5 is also known as C6orf175, TFB5, TFIIH, TGF2H5, TTD, TTD-A, TTD3, TTDA, bA120J8.2.
