CYR61
Cyr61: A Multifaceted Protein with Roles in Health and Disease
Description
Cyr61 (cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61) is a highly conserved, secreted protein that is expressed in various tissues and cell types throughout the body. It belongs to the CCN (CYR61, CTGF, NOV) family of matricellular proteins, which are known for their roles in cell-matrix interactions and regulation of cellular processes. Cyr61 is involved in a wide range of biological functions, including angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels), inflammation, fibrosis, and tumor progression.
Associated Diseases
Dysregulation of Cyr61 expression and signaling has been implicated in various diseases, including:
- Cancer: Cyr61 is often overexpressed in different types of cancer, where it promotes tumor growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis. It is associated with poor prognosis in several cancers, such as breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma.
- Cardiovascular diseases: Cyr61 plays a role in vascular remodeling and inflammation. It is elevated in conditions such as atherosclerosis, heart failure, and hypertension.
- Kidney diseases: Cyr61 is involved in the development and progression of kidney fibrosis, a major complication of chronic kidney diseases.
- Neurological disorders: Cyr61 has been implicated in neuroinflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease.
Did you Know ?
In a study of breast cancer patients, higher levels of Cyr61 expression were associated with a 40% increased risk of distant metastasis, highlighting its role in cancer progression.
