CYP4A11

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Description

The CYP4A11 (cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily A member 11) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.

CYP4A11 is a protein encoded by the CYP4A11 gene, a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. These enzymes are monooxygenases that catalyze various reactions involved in drug metabolism and the synthesis of lipids. CYP4A11 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and primarily hydroxylates medium-chain fatty acids, such as laurate and myristate. It is highly expressed in the liver and kidney. Along with other enzymes, CYP4A11 metabolizes arachidonic acid to 20-HETE, a molecule that regulates blood flow, vascularization, blood pressure, and kidney function. Polymorphism variants in CYP4A11 are associated with hypertension and ischemic stroke. Sesamin, a compound found in sesame, inhibits CYP4A11 activity, leading to reduced levels of 20-HETE.

CYP4A11 is a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of fatty acids and their oxygenated derivatives. It uses molecular oxygen to insert one oxygen atom into a substrate and reduce the second into water, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase. The enzyme primarily catalyzes the oxidation of the terminal carbon (omega-oxidation) of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, with decreasing efficiency for longer chains. CYP4A11 acts as a major omega-hydroxylase for lauric acid in the liver and is involved in the omega-hydroxylation of arachidonate to 20-HETE, a signaling molecule that influences blood pressure. While less efficient, CYP4A11 can also catalyze the oxidation of the penultimate carbon (omega-1 oxidation). It may contribute to the degradation of very long-chain fatty acids by catalyzing successive omega-oxidations, and it exhibits activity toward epoxy-octadecanoate and some 3-hydroxy fatty acids. However, it has limited activity towards prostaglandins A1 and E1.

CYP4A11 is also known as CP4Y, CYP4A2, CYP4AII, CYPIVA11.

Associated Diseases

• endometrial cancer
• urinary bladder cancer
• nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma
• familial idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
• glomerulopathy with fibronectin deposits 2
• nail-patella-like renal disease
• autosomal dominant progressive nephropathy with hypertension
• focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 5
• Liddle syndrome
• Denys-Drash syndrome
• primary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis