CUL2
Description
The CUL2 (cullin 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 10.
Cullin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CUL2 gene.
CUL2 is a core component of various cullin-RING-based E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes known as ECS complexes (ElonginB/C-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein). These complexes play a crucial role in mediating the ubiquitination of target proteins, a process essential for protein degradation. CUL2 acts as a rigid scaffold within the complex, contributing to catalysis by strategically positioning the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. The E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of the complex is dependent on the neddylation of the cullin subunit. This activity is inhibited when the deneddylated cullin subunit associates with TIP120A/CAND1. The functional specificity of the ECS complex is determined by its substrate recognition component. One notable example is ECS(VHL), which mediates the ubiquitination of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Several ECS complexes, including those with KLHDC2, KLHDC3, KLHDC10, APPBP2, FEM1A, FEM1B, or FEM1C as substrate recognition components, participate in the DesCEND pathway. This pathway recognizes a C-degron located at the C-terminus of target proteins, leading to their ubiquitination and degradation. ECS complexes also collaborate with ARIH1 to mediate ubiquitination of target proteins. ECS(LRR1) specifically ubiquitinates MCM7, promoting CMG replisome disassembly by VCP and chromatin extraction during S-phase.
CUL2 is also known as -.
