CRYGA
Description
The CRYGA (crystallin gamma A) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 2.
Gamma-crystallin A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYGA gene. Crystallins are separated into two classes: taxon-specific, or enzyme, and ubiquitous. The latter class constitutes the major proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintains the transparency and refractive index of the lens. Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during development, these crystallins are made and then retained throughout life, making them extremely stable proteins. Mammalian lens crystallins are divided into alpha, beta, and gamma families; beta and gamma crystallins are also considered as a superfamily. Alpha and beta families are further divided into acidic and basic groups. Seven protein regions exist in crystallins: four homologous motifs, a connecting peptide, and N- and C-terminal extensions. Gamma-crystallins are a homogeneous group of highly symmetrical, monomeric proteins typically lacking connecting peptides and terminal extensions. They are differentially regulated after early development. Four gamma-crystallin genes (gamma-A through gamma-D) and three pseudogenes (gamma-E, gamma-F, gamma-G) are tandemly organized in a genomic segment as a gene cluster.
CRYGA is also known as CRY-g-A, CRYG1, CRYG5.
Associated Diseases
- early-onset non-syndromic cataract
- cataract
- isolated ectopia lentis
- hereditary hyperferritinemia with congenital cataracts
- cataract 38
- cataract 13 with adult I phenotype
- cataract 8 multiple types
- cataract 33
- cataract 5 multiple types
- cochleosaccular degeneration-cataract syndrome
- congenital cataract-ichthyosis syndrome
- cataract 40
- cataract 12 multiple types
- granular corneal dystrophy type I
- trichomegaly
