COX7C
Description
The COX7C (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 5.
COX7C, a human gene, encodes cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial. Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is the terminal enzyme in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, responsible for transferring electrons from reduced cytochrome c to oxygen. It is a complex composed of three catalytic subunits encoded by mitochondrial genes and multiple structural subunits encoded by nuclear genes. The mitochondrial subunits handle electron transfer, while nuclear subunits regulate and assemble the complex. COX7C encodes subunit VIIc, which shares high sequence similarity with mouse and bovine counterparts and is found in all tissues. A pseudogene, COX7CP1, is located on chromosome 13.
COX7C, also known as cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide VIIc, is a component of cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), the final enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This chain is responsible for oxidative phosphorylation, a process that produces ATP, the cell's main energy source. The respiratory chain comprises three multisubunit complexes: succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV). These complexes work together to transfer electrons from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, generating an electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This gradient drives transmembrane transport and powers the ATP synthase. Cytochrome c oxidase specifically catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space are transferred through the dinuclear copper A center (CU(A)) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the active site in subunit 1. This site, known as the binuclear center (BNC), is composed of heme A3 and copper B (CU(B)). The BNC utilizes four electrons from cytochrome c and four protons from the mitochondrial matrix to reduce molecular oxygen into two water molecules.
COX7C is also known as -.
Associated Diseases
- Parkinson disease
- multiple sclerosis
- lysosomal storage disease
- Alzheimer disease
- endometrial cancer
- glycogen storage disorder due to hepatic glycogen synthase deficiency
- diabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal 4
- diabetes mellitus, transient neonatal, 3
- transient neonatal diabetes mellitus