CD37
Description
The CD37 (CD37 molecule) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.
CD37, also known as Leukocyte antigen CD37, is a protein encoded by the CD37 gene. It belongs to the transmembrane 4 superfamily, also known as the tetraspanin family. These proteins are cell-surface molecules characterized by four hydrophobic transmembrane domains and play roles in regulating immune responses, cell development, activation, growth, and motility. CD37 expression is mainly found on immune cells, particularly mature B cells, with lower expression on T cells and myeloid cells. As a cell surface glycoprotein, CD37 forms complexes with integrins and other tetraspanin family members. Alternative splicing creates different isoforms of CD37. CD37 is crucial for controlling both humoral and cellular immune responses. Deficiency in CD37 in mice leads to the spontaneous development of B cell lymphoma, and CD37-negative lymphomas in patients have a poorer clinical outcome.
CD37 is also known as GP52-40, TSPAN26.
Associated Diseases
- multiple sclerosis
- hyper-IgM syndrome type 3
- BENTA disease
- hyper-IgM syndrome type 2
- immunodeficiency 99 with hypogammaglobulinemia and autoimmune cytopenias
- hyper-IgM syndrome type 5
- immunodeficiency 73c with defective neutrophil chemotaxis and hypogammaglobulinemia
- cancer
- common variable immunodeficiency
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- immunodeficiency 105
- severe combined immunodeficiency due to CD70 deficiency
- lung fibrosis-immunodeficiency-46,XX gonadal dysgenesis syndrome
- autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 2B
