CCND3
Description
The CCND3 (cyclin D3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 6.
CCND3 is a gene that encodes the G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 protein. This protein is a member of the cyclin family and functions as a regulator of CDK kinases. CCND3 forms a complex with and regulates the activity of CDK4 or CDK6, which is required for the cell cycle G1/S transition. This protein interacts with and phosphorylates the tumor suppressor protein Rb. Mutations in CCND3 have been linked to cases of breast cancer.
CCND3 is a regulatory component of the cyclin D3-CDK4 (DC) complex. This complex phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family, including RB1, thereby regulating the cell cycle during the G1/S transition. Phosphorylation of RB1 allows the dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB/E2F complex, leading to the transcription of E2F target genes essential for progression through the G1 phase. CCND3 also hypophosphorylates RB1 during the early G1 phase. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes play a crucial role in integrating mitogenic and antimitogenic signals. CCND3 is part of the ternary complex, cyclin D3/CDK4/CDKN1B, which is necessary for the nuclear translocation and activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 complex. Notably, CCND3 exhibits transcriptional coactivator activity with ATF5 independent of CDK4.
CCND3 is also known as -.
