PRKG1
Description
The PRKG1 (protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 10.
PRKG1 gene encodes the cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1, alpha isozyme, an enzyme that plays a crucial role in human physiology.
PRKG1 is a serine/threonine protein kinase that acts as a key mediator of the nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP signaling pathway. It is activated by GMP binding, leading to phosphorylation of serines and threonines on many cellular proteins. These phosphorylation events play a role in modulating cellular calcium levels, regulating platelet activation and adhesion, smooth muscle contraction, cardiac function, gene expression, and feedback of the NO-signaling pathway. It also contributes to various CNS functions, including axon guidance, learning, circadian rhythm, and nociception. The protein regulates intracellular calcium levels through multiple pathways, including phosphorylation of IRAG1 to inhibit IP3-induced calcium release, phosphorylation of KCNMA1 (BKCa) channels to increase their opening, and inactivation of the canonical transient receptor potential channel (TRPC) family to reduce calcium influx. Additionally, PRKG1 inactivates RhoA, affecting processes such as RhoA translocation, contraction, vesicle trafficking, and myosin light chain phosphorylation, leading to vasorelaxation. PRKG1's activation by NO signaling also influences gene expression in various tissues, including the regulation of smooth muscle-specific contractile proteins, proteins in the NO/cGMP signaling pathway, and matrix proteins like osteopontin and thrombospondin-1 to control smooth muscle cell migration. It also regulates vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) functions in platelets and smooth muscle.
PRKG1 is also known as AAT8, PKG, PKG1, PRKG1B, PRKGR1B, cGK, cGK 1, cGK1, cGKI, cGKI-BETA, cGKI-alpha.
