NFATC1
Description
The NFATC1 (nuclear factor of activated T cells 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 18.
NFATC1, or Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1, is a protein encoded by the NFATC1 gene in humans. It plays a crucial role in the immune response as a component of the NFAT transcription complex, which regulates gene expression in T cells. This complex consists of two key components: a preexisting cytoplasmic component that moves to the nucleus upon T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation and an inducible nuclear component like NFATC1. The protein acts as a target for immunosuppressant drugs like ciclosporin. Several isoforms of NFATC1 exist, each potentially regulating the expression of different cytokine genes. NFATC1 has been shown to interact with PIM1.
NFATC1 plays a crucial role in regulating the expression of cytokine genes, particularly IL-2 and IL-4, in T-cells. It also controls gene expression in developing heart cells. Furthermore, NFATC1 is involved in regulating various aspects of T-lymphocyte development, including activation, proliferation, differentiation, and programmed cell death. This extends to both lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells. NFATC1 is essential for the formation of osteoclasts, the cells responsible for breaking down bone, and regulates genes critical for their differentiation and function.
NFATC1 is also known as NF-ATC, NF-ATc1.2, NFAT2, NFATc.
