CALM3
Description
The CALM3 (calmodulin 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.
Calmodulin 3 is a protein encoded by the CALM3 gene in humans. It is primarily known for its role in contracting heart muscles, and dysregulation of this activity can contribute to various diseases. Calmodulin-3 also plays a role in regulating processes like cytokinesis and the centrosome cycle. It binds calcium and regulates enzyme activity. The CALM3 gene is associated with potentially fatal illnesses, such as ventricular tachycardia and long QT syndrome. Structurally, it exhibits two helices per helix-loop-helix, arranged perpendicularly due to changes in the protein surface over time. Calmodulin-3 regulates its own gene expression through transcription and has six exons, each with a specific function in gene initiation. Variations in the calmodulin protein can affect the concentration of calcium mediators. Research on the CALM3 gene and its protein is conducted in laboratory animals like rats through DNA isolation. The gene and its polymorphisms can be identified in both humans and animals through genome analysis and restriction enzyme methods.
Calmodulin (encoded by the CALM3 gene) plays a crucial role in calcium signaling by regulating a wide array of proteins, including enzymes, ion channels, and aquaporins. This regulation is achieved through calcium binding, which is essential for calmodulin activation. The calmodulin-calcium complex stimulates various protein kinases, such as myosin light-chain kinases and CaMK2, and phosphatases. In collaboration with CCP110 and centrin, calmodulin participates in a genetic pathway controlling the centrosome cycle and cytokinesis.
CALM3 is also known as CALM, CAM1, CAM2, CAMB, CPVT6, CaM, CaMIII, HEL-S-72, LQT16, PHKD, PHKD3.
