ATF2
Description
The ATF2 (activating transcription factor 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 2.
ATF2 is a protein that acts as a transcription factor, playing a role in regulating gene expression. It belongs to the leucine zipper family of DNA-binding proteins and binds to a specific DNA sequence called the cAMP-responsive element (CRE). ATF2 can form dimers with itself or with other proteins, like c-Jun. It also possesses histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity, modifying histones to control gene expression. ATF2's activity is influenced by various cellular signals, including stress-activated protein kinases. Mutations in the ATF2 gene have been linked to certain diseases.
ATF2 is a transcriptional activator that regulates the expression of various genes, including those involved in anti-apoptosis, cell growth, and DNA damage response. It binds to specific DNA sequences, either as a homodimer or a heterodimer with other proteins, such as c-Jun. ATF2's activity is influenced by its binding partners and its location within the cell. In the nucleus, ATF2 contributes to global transcription and the DNA damage response, while in the cytoplasm it can interact with mitochondrial membrane proteins, leading to cell death. ATF2 is also a histone acetyltransferase, which modifies histones to regulate gene expression. Its activity is regulated by phosphorylation, particularly by ATM kinase, which plays a role in the DNA damage response. ATF2 can act as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor depending on the cellular context.
ATF2 is also known as CRE-BP1, CREB-2, CREB2, HB16, TREB7.
