ABCC5
Description
The ABCC5 (ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 5) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 3.
ABCC5, or Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5, is a protein encoded by the ABCC5 gene in humans. It belongs to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily, which transports various molecules across cell membranes. ABCC5 is part of the MRP subfamily, involved in multidrug resistance. Its main function is to export its substrate, cyclic nucleotides, from cells. This export contributes to the degradation of phosphodiesterases and potentially serves as an elimination pathway for cyclic nucleotides. ABCC5 has been shown to confer resistance to certain anticancer drugs like 6-mercaptopurine, thioguanine, and the anti-HIV drug 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine. It might play a role in resistance to thiopurines in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and antiretroviral nucleoside analogs in HIV-infected patients. Alternative splicing has been observed for this gene, but the complete sequence and translation initiation site remain unclear.
ABCC5 is an ATP-dependent transporter that actively moves molecules out of cells. It transports various substances, including cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP), folic acid, N-lactoyl-amino acids, and glutamate conjugates. ABCC5 also plays a role in resistance to certain drugs, such as the antiviral agent PMEA. While it can transport some anticancer drugs like methotrexate and nucleotide analogs, its affinity is low, and its exact role in drug resistance needs further research. Additionally, ABCC5 is involved in heme transport, moving it from the cytoplasm to the secretory pathway. It might also regulate glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion from enteroendocrine cells, suggesting a potential role in energy metabolism.
ABCC5 is also known as ABC33, EST277145, MOAT-C, MOATC, MRP5, SMRP, pABC11.
