PPP1R12A
Description
The PPP1R12A (protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 12.
Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A (PPP1R12A) is an enzyme encoded by the PPP1R12A gene in humans. It is also known as Myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 or the myosin-binding subunit of myosin phosphatase. Myosin phosphatase is a multi-subunit enzyme that regulates the interaction of actin and myosin. It acts downstream of the Rho GTPase, which plays a role in myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, leading to smooth muscle contraction and actin-myosin interaction in non-muscle cells. The active form of RhoA (GTP.RhoA) directly interacts with the myosin-binding subunit (MBS) of myosin phosphatase, controlling the extent of MLC phosphorylation. Rho-associated kinase (Rho-kinase), activated by GTP.RhoA, phosphorylates MBS, inactivating myosin phosphatase. Overexpression of RhoA or activated RhoA in NIH 3T3 cells increases phosphorylation of MBS and MLC, suggesting that Rho inhibits myosin phosphatase through Rho-kinase. PPP1R12A has been shown to interact with Interleukin 16.
PPP1R12A is a crucial regulator of protein phosphatase 1C (PPP1C), facilitating its binding to myosin. Within the PPP1C complex, it participates in the dephosphorylation of PLK1. Additionally, PPP1R12A can suppress the HIF1AN-dependent inhibition of HIF1A activity.
PPP1R12A is also known as GUBS, M130, MBS, MYPT1.
