MICAL1
Description
The MICAL1 (microtubule associated monooxygenase, calponin and LIM domain containing 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 6.
NEDD9-interacting protein with calponin homology and LIM domains is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MICAL1 gene.
MICAL1 is a monooxygenase that promotes depolymerization of F-actin by oxidizing specific methionine residues on actin to form methionine-sulfoxide, leading to actin filament disassembly and preventing repolymerization. In the absence of actin, it functions as a NADPH oxidase producing H(2)O(2). It acts as a cytoskeletal regulator connecting NEDD9 to intermediate filaments and as a negative regulator of apoptosis by antagonizing STK38 and STK38L activation by MST1/STK4. MICAL1 is involved in regulating lamina-specific connectivity in the nervous system, such as the development of lamina-restricted hippocampal connections. It controls the intracellular distribution of secretory vesicles containing L1/neurofascin/NgCAM family proteins in neurons through redox regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, thereby regulating their cell surface levels. MICAL1 may act as a Rab effector protein and play a role in vesicle trafficking. It promotes endosomal tubule extension by associating with RAB8 (RAB8A or RAB8B), RAB10, and GRAF (GRAF1/ARHGAP26 or GRAF2/ARHGAP10) on the endosomal membrane, potentially connecting GRAFs to Rabs, thereby participating in neosynthesized Rab8-Rab10-Rab11-dependent protein export.
MICAL1 is also known as MICAL, MICAL-1, NICAL.
