GBP5

Description

The GBP5 (guanylate binding protein 5) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.

Guanylate binding protein 5 is a protein in humans that is encoded by the GBP5 gene.

GBP5 is an interferon (IFN)-inducible GTPase that plays a crucial role in the innate immune response against a wide range of bacterial, viral, and protozoan pathogens. It hydrolyzes GTP but, unlike other members of its family, does not produce GMP. Upon infection, GBP5 is recruited to pathogen-containing vacuoles or escaped bacteria, acting as a positive regulator of inflammasome assembly. It facilitates the release of inflammasome ligands from bacteria by promoting the lysis of pathogen-containing vacuoles, releasing pathogens into the cytosol. This process further promotes the recruitment of proteins involved in bacterial cytolysis, ultimately liberating ligands that are detected by inflammasomes. These ligands include lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which activates the non-canonical CASP4/CASP11 inflammasome, and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), which activates the AIM2 inflammasome. GBP5 selectively promotes NLRP3 inflammasome assembly in response to microbial and soluble agents, but not crystalline agents. Notably, independent of its GTPase activity, GBP5 acts as an inhibitor of various viral infectivities, including HIV-1, Zika, and influenza A viruses, by inhibiting FURIN-mediated maturation of viral envelope proteins.

GBP5 is also known as GBP-5.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing