FSTL1

Description

The FSTL1 (follistatin like 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 3.

FSTL1, encoded by the FSTL1 gene, is a protein similar to follistatin, a BMP-4-binding protein. FSTL1 binds to BMP-4 and TGF-β1 but not Activin A. It contains an FS module, a Kazal-type serine protease inhibitor domain, 2 EF hand domains, and a Von Willebrand factor type C domain. FSTL1 plays a role in development, including lung development, ureter development, central nervous system development, and skeletal development. It is considered an autoantigen associated with rheumatoid arthritis, as it up-regulates proinflammatory mediators involved in the pathology of arthritis. Serum levels of FSTL1 correlate with the severity of arthritis. FSTL1 has a cardioprotective role, attenuating hypertrophy following pressure overload and preventing myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in animal models. Muscle-derived Fstl1 modulates vascular remodeling in response to injury. FSTL1 has potential as a therapeutic agent to stimulate regeneration following myocardial infarction.

FSTL1 is a secreted glycoprotein that plays a role in various physiological processes, including angiogenesis, regulation of the immune response, cell proliferation and differentiation. It contributes to the development of the central nervous system, skeletal system, lungs, and ureter. FSTL1 promotes endothelial cell survival, migration, and differentiation into network structures in an AKT-dependent manner. It also promotes the survival of cardiac myocytes. FSTL1 initiates various signaling cascades by activating different receptors on the cell surface, such as DIP2A, TLR4, or BMP receptors.

FSTL1 is also known as FRP, FSL1, MIR198, OCC-1, OCC1, tsc36.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing