FASLG
Description
The FASLG (Fas ligand) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
Fas ligand (FASLG or CD95L) is a type-II transmembrane protein found on various cells, including cytotoxic T lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, breast epithelial cells, vascular endothelial cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. It interacts with its receptor, FAS receptor (CD95), playing a crucial role in regulating the immune system and inducing apoptosis. FasLG belongs to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) and is a homotrimer, meaning it consists of three identical polypeptides. It has a long cytoplasmic domain, a stalk region, a transmembrane domain (TM), a TNF homology domain (THD) responsible for homotrimerization, and a C-terminal region that binds to CD95. The interaction between FasLG and FAS triggers the formation of the death-inducing signaling complex, ultimately leading to apoptosis. FasLG exists in both membrane-anchored and soluble forms.
Fas ligand (FASLG) is a cytokine that binds to the FAS receptor (TNFRSF6), triggering apoptosis in cells. It plays a key role in cytotoxic T-cell and natural killer cell-mediated apoptosis, as well as T-cell development. FasLG also initiates activation-induced cell death (AICD) in activated T-cells, contributing to the termination of immune responses. It can induce peripheral tolerance through FAS-mediated apoptosis. FasLG also binds to the decoy receptor TNFRSF6B/DcR3, which blocks apoptosis. Additionally, it can activate NF-kappa-B signaling, initiating non-apoptotic pathways.
FASLG is also known as ALPS1B, APT1LG1, APTL, CD178, CD95-L, CD95L, FASL, TNFSF6, TNLG1A.
