EIF2S3
Description
The EIF2S3 (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome X.
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 3 (eIF2γ) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF2S3 gene. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA and binding to a 40S ribosomal subunit. eIF2 is composed of three subunits, alpha (α), beta (β), and gamma (γ, this article), with the protein encoded by this gene representing the gamma subunit.
EIF2S3, also known as eIF2γ, is a component of the eIF2 complex, which plays a crucial role in the early stages of protein synthesis. It forms a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA (PubMed:31836389). This complex then binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding, creating the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC) (By similarity). The 60S ribosomal subunit joins to form the 80S initiation complex, a process preceded by GTP hydrolysis and the release of an eIF2-GDP binary complex (By similarity). To initiate another round of protein synthesis, the bound GDP on eIF2 must be exchanged with GTP, a reaction facilitated by eIF-2B (By similarity).
EIF2S3 is also known as EIF2, EIF2G, EIF2gamma, MEHMO, MRXSBRK, eIF-2gA, eIF2gX.
