EFNB1 : ephrin B1
Description
The EFNB1 (ephrin B1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome X.
The EFNB1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called ephrin B1, which spans the cell membrane. The portion outside the cell binds to proteins called Eph receptor kinases on neighboring cells, forming Eph/ephrin complexes. These complexes facilitate cell adhesion and communication, playing a crucial role in tissue and organ development before birth. In the brain, Eph/ephrin complexes participate in neuron development and synaptic plasticity.
Ephrin-B1 is a cell surface transmembrane ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases crucial for migration, repulsion, and adhesion during neuronal, vascular, and epithelial development. Binding to Eph receptors on adjacent cells triggers contact-dependent bidirectional signaling. Ephrin-B1 exhibits high affinity for EPHB1/ELK and can also bind EPHB2 and EPHB3. It binds to and induces the collapse of commissural axons/growth cones in vitro, suggesting a potential role in constraining the orientation of longitudinally projecting axons.
EFNB1 is also known as CFND, CFNS, EFB1, EFL3, EPLG2, Elk-L, LERK2.
