EEA1

Description

The EEA1 (early endosome antigen 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 12.

EEA1, a protein with 1400 amino acids, is specifically found in early endosomes and plays a vital role in the movement of materials within cells. EEA1 binds directly to the lipid phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate through its FYVE domain at the end of the protein and forms a dimer with another EEA1 protein. EEA1 acts as a connector, linking vesicle docking with SNARE proteins like N-ethylmaleimide sensitive fusion protein, bringing endosomes closer for fusion and delivery of cargo. EEA1 is a protein that interacts with RAB5A and is essential for the fusion of early and late endosomes and for sorting materials at the early endosome level. EEA1 is involved in endocytosis and is recruited by Rab5-GTP to endosomal membranes. Its activity may be regulated through monoubiquination, influencing endosome fusion and trafficking. The protein p97, involved in ubiquitin-selective degradation, may also regulate EEA1's tethering ability, affecting endosome trafficking and shape. Due to its importance in vesicular trafficking, several intracellular bacteria prevent EEA1 from reaching the vacuole. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is known to inhibit EEA1 recruitment to the phagosomal membrane through CamKII. Legionella pneumophila also prevents EEA1 recruitment through an unknown mechanism.

EEA1 binds to phospholipid vesicles containing phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and plays a crucial role in the movement of materials within cells, specifically in endosomal trafficking.

EEA1 is also known as MST105, MSTP105, ZFYVE2.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing