DTD2
Description
The DTD2 (D-aminoacyl-tRNA deacylase 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 14.
DTD2 deacylates mischarged D-aminoacyl-tRNAs, including glycyl-tRNA(Ala), protecting cells against glycine mischarging by AlaRS. It likely rejects L-amino acids from its binding site rather than specifically recognizing D-amino acids. DTD2 catalyzes the hydrolysis of D-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) but has no activity on correctly charged L-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr). By recycling D-aminoacyl-tRNA, DTD2 counteracts the toxicity associated with D-aminoacyl-tRNA formation and helps enforce protein L-homochirality. Unlike DTD1, DTD2 can deacylate L-Ala mischarged on tRNA(Thr)(G4.U69) by alanine-tRNA ligase AARS. This is due to a relaxed specificity for substrate chirality caused by the trans conformation of the Gly-Pro motif in the active site. DTD2 also hydrolyzes correctly charged, achiral, glycyl-tRNA(Gly) in vitro; however, in vivo, EEF1A1/EF-Tu may protect cognate achiral glycyl-tRNA(Gly) from DTD2-mediated deacetylation.
DTD2 is also known as ATD, C14orf126.
