DROSHA

Description

The DROSHA (drosha ribonuclease III) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 5.

DROSHA, encoded by the DROSHA gene (formerly RNASEN), is a Class 2 ribonuclease III enzyme crucial for miRNA processing in the nucleus. It partners with DGCR8 and works in conjunction with Dicer. DROSHA initiates miRNA processing by cleaving pri-miRNA transcripts, generating pre-miRNAs. This enzyme plays a significant role in various cellular processes, including gene regulation and pre-rRNA processing. Its importance extends to clinical applications, as it has been linked to cancer prognosis and HIV-1 replication.

DROSHA is a ribonuclease III enzyme that acts as a key component in the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. It is part of the microprocessor complex, which also includes the protein DGCR8, and functions to process primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) into precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) within the nucleus. DROSHA cleaves both the 3' and 5' strands of a stem-loop structure within pri-miRNAs, specifically at a processing center located 11 base pairs from the double-stranded RNA to single-stranded RNA junction. This cleavage results in the release of hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs, which are further processed by the cytoplasmic enzyme DICER to produce mature miRNAs. DROSHA also plays a role in the processing of pre-rRNA. It is known to cleave double-stranded RNA but not single-stranded RNA. Additionally, DROSHA is involved in the formation of GW bodies.

DROSHA is also known as ETOHI2, HSA242976, RANSE3L, RN3, RNASE3L, RNASEN.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing

Clinical Exome Sequencing