DLG5
Description
The DLG5 (discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 5) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 10.
DLG5 is a protein encoded by the DLG5 gene in humans. It belongs to the discs large (DLG) homolog family, a subset of the MAGUK superfamily. MAGUK proteins contain a catalytically inactive guanylate kinase domain, PDZ and SH3 domains, and are thought to act as scaffolding molecules at cell-cell contact sites. DLG5 localizes to the plasma membrane and cytoplasm, interacting with components of adherens junctions and the cytoskeleton. It is believed to play a role in transmitting extracellular signals to the cytoskeleton and maintaining epithelial cell structure. Alternative splice variants have been identified, but their function remains unclear. DLG5 has been shown to interact with SORBS3.
DLG5 regulates the Hippo signaling pathway, acting as both a negative and positive regulator. It negatively regulates by promoting the interaction of MARK3 with STK3/4, leading to hyperphosphorylation and inactivation of STK3 kinase activity towards LATS1. Conversely, DLG5 positively regulates by mediating the interaction of SCRIB with STK4/MST1 and LATS1, which is essential for Hippo pathway activation. DLG5's involvement in the Hippo pathway contributes to its roles in cell proliferation, epithelial polarity maintenance, EMT, cell migration, and invasion. It also plays a crucial role in dendritic spine formation and synaptogenesis, enhancing N-cadherin localization at the cell surface. Additionally, DLG5 is a positive regulator of the hedgehog signaling pathway, interacting with SMO at the ciliary base to promote the accumulation of KIF7 and GLI2 at the ciliary tip, thereby activating GLI2.
DLG5 is also known as LP-DLG, P-DLG5, PDLG, YUVOB.
