EIF2S3
Description
The EIF2S3 (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome X.
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 3 (eIF2Ξ³) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF2S3 gene. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA and binding to a 40S ribosomal subunit. eIF2 is composed of three subunits, alpha (Ξ±), beta (Ξ²), and gamma (Ξ³, this article), with the protein encoded by this gene representing the gamma subunit.
EIF2S3, also known as eIF2Ξ³, is a component of the eIF2 complex, which plays a crucial role in the early stages of protein synthesis. It forms a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA (PubMed:31836389). This complex then binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding, creating the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC) (By similarity). The 60S ribosomal subunit joins to form the 80S initiation complex, a process preceded by GTP hydrolysis and the release of an eIF2-GDP binary complex (By similarity). To initiate another round of protein synthesis, the bound GDP on eIF2 must be exchanged with GTP, a reaction facilitated by eIF-2B (By similarity).
EIF2S3 is also known as EIF2, EIF2G, EIF2gamma, MEHMO, MRXSBRK, eIF-2gA, eIF2gX.
