DDR1
Description
The DDR1 (discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinase 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 6.
DDR1 (Discoidin Domain Receptor 1) is a human gene that encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). RTKs are involved in cell communication and regulate processes like cell growth, differentiation, and metabolism. DDR1 is expressed in various epithelial cells and is activated by different types of collagen. It belongs to a subfamily of tyrosine kinase receptors with a homology region to the Discoidin I protein from Dictyostelium discoideum. DDR1 is autophosphorylated by all tested collagen types (I to VI). A closely related protein is DDR2. DDR1 expression is primarily restricted to epithelial cells, particularly in the kidney, lung, gastrointestinal tract, and brain. It is significantly overexpressed in several human tumors, including breast, ovarian, esophageal, and pediatric brain tumors. The DDR1 gene is located on chromosome 6p21.3, near several HLA class I genes.
DDR1 (Discoidin Domain Receptor 1) is a tyrosine kinase that functions as a cell surface receptor for fibrillar collagen. It plays a crucial role in regulating cell attachment to the extracellular matrix, its remodeling, cell migration, differentiation, survival, and proliferation. Upon collagen binding, DDR1 triggers a signaling pathway involving SRC, leading to the activation of MAP kinases. This receptor also regulates extracellular matrix remodeling by upregulating matrix metalloproteinases MMP2, MMP7, and MMP9, facilitating cell migration and wound healing. DDR1 is essential for normal blastocyst implantation during pregnancy, normal mammary gland differentiation and lactation, and normal ear morphology and hearing. It promotes smooth muscle cell migration, contributing to arterial wound healing and is also implicated in tumor cell invasion. DDR1 phosphorylates PTPN11.
DDR1 is also known as CAK, CD167, DDR, EDDR1, HGK2, MCK10, NEP, NTRK4, PTK3, PTK3A, RTK6, TRKE.
Associated Diseases
- Alzheimer disease
- Parkinson disease
- multiple sclerosis
- lysosomal storage disease
- cancer
- schizophrenia
- breast cancer
