CYP2B6
Description
The CYP2B6 (cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.
Cytochrome P450 2B6 is an enzyme encoded by the CYP2B6 gene in humans. It belongs to the cytochrome P450 group of enzymes and, along with CYP2A6, metabolizes nicotine and numerous other substances. CYP2B6 is a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, which catalyzes reactions involved in drug metabolism and the synthesis of cholesterol, steroids, and other lipids. This protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and its expression is induced by phenobarbital. It is known to metabolize certain xenobiotics, such as the anti-cancer drugs cyclophosphamide and ifosphamide. Transcript variants have been described for this gene, but it remains unclear whether these transcripts originate from this gene or a closely related pseudogene, CYP2B7. Both the gene and the pseudogene reside within a CYP2A pseudogene, located in a large cluster of cytochrome P450 genes from the CYP2A, CYP2B, and CYP2F subfamilies on chromosome 19q.
CYP2B6 is a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of endocannabinoids and steroids. It uses molecular oxygen to insert one oxygen atom into a substrate and reduce the second into water, using electrons from NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase. This enzyme catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds in arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide), forming 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially regulating endocannabinoid signaling. It also hydroxylates steroid hormones, including testosterone at C-16 and estrogens at C-2. CYP2B6 plays a role in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics, including plant lipids and drugs. It acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase.
CYP2B6 is also known as CPB6, CYP2B, CYP2B7, CYP2B7P, CYPIIB6, EFVM, IIB1, P450.
