CTNND1 : catenin delta 1
Description
The CTNND1 (catenin delta 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11.
The CTNND1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called p120-catenin, also known as delta 1 catenin. This protein and others in the catenin family interact with proteins from another family called cadherins. Catenins and cadherins form protein complexes that help cells stick to neighboring cells (cell adhesion) to form organized tissues. In addition to their role in cell adhesion, catenin and cadherin interactions help transmit chemical signals within cells, control cell maturation and movement, and regulate the activity of certain genes. The p120-catenin protein interacts with a protein called E-cadherin, which is produced from the CDH1 gene. The E-cadherin protein is found within the membrane that surrounds epithelial cells, which are the cells that line the surfaces and cavities of the body, including the inside of the eyelids and the mouth. The p120-catenin protein helps keep E-cadherin in its proper place in the cell membrane, preventing it from being taken into the cell through a process called endocytosis and broken down prematurely. Interactions between the two proteins are also important for other cell processes that are involved in the development of the head and face (craniofacial development), including the eyelids and teeth.
CTNND1, also known as p120-catenin, is a key regulator of cell-cell adhesion, associating with and regulating the adhesion properties of C-, E-, and N-cadherins, ensuring their surface stability. Beyond cell-cell adhesion, it regulates gene transcription through transcription factors ZBTB33/Kaiso2 and GLIS2, and impacts the activity of Rho family GTPases and downstream cytoskeletal dynamics. It has been implicated in cell transformation by SRC and in ligand-induced receptor signaling through EGF, PDGF, CSF-1, and ERBB2 receptors.
CTNND1 is also known as BCDS2, CAS, CTNND, P120CAS, P120CTN, p120, p120(CAS), p120(CTN).
