CTAG1B
Description
The CTAG1B (cancer/testis antigen 1B) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome X.
CTAG1B, also known as LAGE2 or LAGE2B, is a protein encoded by the CTAG1B gene. It is most commonly known by its alias NY-ESO-1. CTAG1B belongs to the Cancer Testis Antigens (CTA) family, which are expressed in various malignant tumors at the mRNA and protein levels. However, CTAs are also restricted to testicular germ cells in normal adult tissues. The aberrant re-expression of CTAs is triggered by mechanisms like DNA demethylation, histone post-translational modification, and microRNA-mediated regulation. Demethylating agents like 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine induce CTAs re-expression in tumor cells but not in normal epithelial cells. The CTAG1B gene resides on the long arm of chromosome X (Xq28) and spans approximately 8 Kb, containing three exons. CTAG1B shares a neighboring gene with an identical sequence: CTAG1A. The gene encodes a 180-amino acid polypeptide, expressed from 18 weeks of embryonic development until birth in human fetal testis. It is also strongly expressed in spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes of adult testis, but not in post-meiotic cells or testicular somatic cells. Structurally, CTAG1B features a glycine-rich N-terminal region and a hydrophobic C-terminal region with a Pcc-1 domain.
CTAG1B is also known as CT6.1, CTAG, CTAG1, ESO1, LAGE-2, LAGE2B, NY-ESO-1.
