CSNK2A2

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Description

The CSNK2A2 (casein kinase 2 alpha 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16.

Casein kinase II subunit alpha' is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CSNK2A2 gene.

== Interactions == CSNK2A2 has been shown to interact with over 160 different substrates. CSNK2A2 has been shown to interact with:

Activating transcription factor 2, ATF1, C-Fos, CREB binding protein, CSNK2B, FGF1, Nucleolin, PIN1, PTEN, and RELA.

== References ==

== External links == Human CSNK2A1 genome location and CSNK2A1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. Human CSNK2A2 genome location and CSNK2A2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

CSNK2A2 is a catalytic subunit of a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase complex. It phosphorylates a wide range of substrates, particularly those with acidic residues near the phosphorylated serine or threonine. This kinase activity regulates many cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, transcription, and viral infection. It acts as a central regulator, integrating and coordinating various signals to produce appropriate cellular responses. During mitosis, CSNK2A2 participates in the p53/TP53-dependent spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), maintaining cyclin-B-CDK1 activity and G2 arrest in response to spindle damage. It is also crucial for p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis, phosphorylating Ser-392 of p53/TP53 after UV irradiation. In response to DNA damage, CSNK2A2 phosphorylates several DNA repair proteins, such as MDC1, RAD9A, RAD51, and HTATSF1, facilitating their recruitment to DNA damage sites. CSNK2A2 can also negatively regulate apoptosis by phosphorylating caspases CASP9 and CASP2, and the apoptotic regulator NOL3. This phosphorylation protects CASP9 from cleavage and activation by CASP8 and inhibits CASP2 dimerization and CASP8 activation. CSNK2A2 regulates transcription by directly phosphorylating RNA polymerases I, II, III, and IV. It also phosphorylates and regulates numerous transcription factors, including NF-kappa-B, STAT1, CREB1, IRF1, IRF2, ATF1, SRF, MAX, JUN, FOS, MYC, and MYB. CSNK2A2 phosphorylates Hsp90 and its co-chaperones FKBP4 and CDC37, which is essential for chaperone function. It regulates Wnt signaling by phosphorylating CTNNB1 and the transcription factor LEF1. CSNK2A2 functions as an ectokinase, phosphorylating several extracellular proteins. During viral infection, CSNK2A2 phosphorylates various proteins involved in the viral life cycles of EBV, HSV, HBV, HCV, HIV, CMV, and HPV.

CSNK2A2 is also known as CK2A2, CK2alpha', CSNK2A1.

Associated Diseases

• Parkinson disease
• Alzheimer disease
• multiple sclerosis
• lysosomal storage disease
• endometrial cancer
• male infertility with teratozoospermia due to single gene mutation
• partial chromosome Y deletion
• spermatogenic failure 65
• deafness-infertility syndrome
• spermatogenic failure 11
• spermatogenic failure 10
• spermatogenic failure 39
• spermatogenic failure, X-linked, 3
• spermatogenic failure 40
• spermatogenic failure 72
• spermatogenic failure 27
• spermatogenic failure 46
• spermatogenic failure 18