CPEB1
Description
The CPEB1 (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 15.
CPEB1 is a protein that is encoded by the CPEB1 gene in humans. It belongs to the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE) binding protein family. CPEB1 binds to a specific RNA sequence called the CPE, which is found in the 3' UTR of some mRNAs. Similar proteins in other organisms, like Xenopus and mouse, function to induce cytoplasmic polyadenylation of dormant mRNAs, leading to their translation. CPEB1 regulates the translation of cyclin B1 during embryonic cell divisions. Multiple variants of the CPEB1 gene have been identified, encoding different isoforms of the protein.
CPEB1 is an RNA-binding protein that controls the addition of adenine nucleotides (polyadenylation) to messenger RNA (mRNA) and the initiation of translation. It specifically recognizes and binds to the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE), a uridine-rich sequence found in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of certain mRNAs. This interaction triggers a conformational change in CPEB1, similar to the Venus fly trap mechanism. CPEB1 plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression during various stages of development, including oocyte maturation, early embryonic development, and neuronal function. In the absence of phosphorylation, CPEB1 acts as a translational repressor in association with the protein TACC3. This repression can be relieved by phosphorylation or degradation of CPEB1. CPEB1 is involved in the transport of CPE-containing mRNAs to dendrites, where they may be translated at synapses. Its interaction with the protein APLP1 promotes local polyadenylation and translation of CPE-containing mRNAs. Additionally, CPEB1 can induce the formation of stress granules in the absence of cellular stress and is essential for cell cycle progression, particularly for the transition into prophase. CPEB1 interacts with several proteins, including kinesin, dynein, APLP1, APLP2, TENT2/GLD2, APP, and TENT4B, which contribute to its various functions.
CPEB1 is also known as CPE-BP1, CPEB, CPEB-1, h-CPEB, hCPEB-1.
