Chromosomal Microarray
Chromosomal Microarray
Chromosomal Microarray (CMA) is a sophisticated genetic test that examines an individual’s entire genome for variations in the number of copies of DNA segments. These variations, known as copy number variants (CNVs), can be either deletions or duplications of DNA and are significant because they can be associated with various genetic disorders.
CMA is a first-tier diagnostic tool for individuals with developmental disabilities, autism spectrum disorders, or multiple congenital anomalies. It’s also recommended for prenatal diagnosis when fetal structural abnormalities are identified via ultrasound, as well as in cases of intrauterine fetal demise or stillbirth when further genetic analysis is desired
In clinical care, CMA is used to detect chromosomal imbalances that traditional karyotyping might miss. This includes submicroscopic abnormalities that are too small to be seen under a microscope. The technology is particularly useful in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment planning of both constitutional (inherited) and neoplastic (cancer-related) disorders. For example, in oncology, CMA can provide vital genomic data that helps in understanding the genetic makeup of tumors, which can influence treatment decisions.
Overall, CMA is a powerful tool in the genomic era of medicine, offering a high-resolution view of the genome and enabling clinicians to diagnose and manage genetic conditions more effectively.
