CHMP6
Description
The CHMP6 (charged multivesicular body protein 6) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 17.
Charged multivesicular body protein 6 (CHMP6) is a protein encoded by the CHMP6 gene in humans. It is a core component of the ESCRT-III complex, which is involved in multivesicular body (MVB) formation and the sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential function of ESCRT-O, -I,-II and -III complexes. ESCRT-III proteins mostly dissociate from the invaginating membrane before the ILV is released. The ESCRT machinery also functions in topologically equivalent membrane fission events, such as the terminal stages of cytokinesis and the budding of enveloped viruses (HIV-1 and other lentiviruses). ESCRT-III proteins are believed to mediate the necessary vesicle extrusion and/or membrane fission activities, possibly in conjunction with the AAA ATPase VPS4. In the ESCRT-III complex, it probably serves as an acceptor for the ESCRT-II complex on endosomal membranes.
CHMP6 is a core component of the ESCRT-III complex, which plays a crucial role in the formation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs). MVBs are essential for sorting and degrading various cellular components, including membrane proteins, through the delivery of intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) to lysosomes. CHMP6, along with other ESCRT-III components, assembles into a lattice on the membrane of endosomes, facilitating the budding and release of ILVs. The ESCRT machinery, involving sequential steps by different ESCRT complexes, ensures efficient sorting and delivery of cargo proteins to lysosomes. Furthermore, CHMP6 is involved in other membrane fission processes, including cytokinesis (cell division) and the budding of enveloped viruses, such as HIV-1. CHMP6 likely functions by interacting with other ESCRT-III proteins and the AAA ATPase VPS4, facilitating the necessary membrane remodeling and vesicle extrusion events.
CHMP6 is also known as VPS20.
