CHD5
Description
The CHD5 (chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 5) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CHD5 gene. It is a part of the CHD subfamily of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes.
CHD5 acts as a chromatin-remodeling protein that binds DNA through histones and regulates gene transcription. It exhibits specific recognition and binding to trimethylated Lys-27 (H3K27me3) and non-methylated Lys-4 of histone H3. As a component of the histone deacetylase NuRD complex, it participates in chromatin remodeling. CHD5 plays a vital role in nervous system development by activating genes promoting neuron terminal differentiation. It also positively regulates the trimethylation of histone H3 at Lys-27, specifically repressing genes promoting differentiation into non-neuronal cell lineages. CHD5 regulates the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. Downstream activated genes include CDKN2A, which positively regulates the p53/TP53 pathway, preventing cell proliferation. During spermatogenesis, CHD5 likely regulates histone hyperacetylation and the replacement of histones by transition proteins in chromatin, essential for spermatid chromatin condensation and the production of functional spermatozoa.
CHD5 is also known as CHD-5, PMNDS.
