CENPH
Description
The CENPH (centromere protein H) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 5.
Centromere protein H is a protein encoded by the CENPH gene in humans. It plays a crucial role in the assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression, and chromosome segregation. CENP-H localizes alongside CENP-A and CENP-C, key inner kinetochore plate proteins, in both interphase and metaphase. It is essential for the localization of CENP-C, but not CENP-A, to the centromere. However, CENP-H may be involved in the incorporation of newly synthesized CENP-A into centromeres through its interaction with the CENP-A/CENP-HI complex. CENP-H localizes outside of centromeric heterochromatin, where CENP-B is found, and inside the kinetochore corona, where CENP-E is located during prometaphase. This protein is thought to bind to itself, as well as to CENP-A, CENP-B, or CENP-C. Multimers of CENP-H localize constitutively to the inner kinetochore plate and play a crucial role in organizing and functioning the active centromere-kinetochore complex. CENP-H contains a coiled-coil structure and a nuclear localization signal. Studies have shown that CENP-H may be associated with certain human cancers.
CENP-H is a component of the CENPA-NAC (nucleosome-associated) complex, which plays a crucial role in assembling kinetochore proteins, ensuring proper mitotic progression, and accurate chromosome segregation. The CENPA-NAC complex recruits the CENPA-CAD (nucleosome distal) complex, potentially facilitating the incorporation of newly synthesized CENPA into centromeres. CENP-H is essential for chromosome congression, ensuring the efficient alignment of chromosomes on the metaphase plate.
CENPH is also known as -.
Associated Diseases
- hypertriglyceridemia 2
- cholesterol-ester transfer protein deficiency
- cancer
- pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase deficiency
- homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
