CDC34
Description
The CDC34 (cell division cycle 34, ubiqiutin conjugating enzyme) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.
CDC34 is a gene that encodes the protein Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 R1 in humans. This protein belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family, which catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to other proteins. CDC34 was originally discovered in baker's yeast as a gene essential for the cell cycle. In yeast, it targets several substrates for ubiquitin-mediated degradation, notably the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor Sic1. CDC34 is required for the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of cell cycle G1 regulators and the initiation of DNA replication. CDC34 interacts with several proteins, including CSNK2B, BTRC, and CDK9.
CDC34, also known as Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 R1, plays a crucial role in the ubiquitination process, attaching ubiquitin molecules to other proteins. It accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment, specifically forming Lys-48-linked polyubiquitin chains. CDC34 collaborates with other enzymes, such as the E2 UBCH5C and the SCF(FBXW11) E3 ligase complex, to degrade NFKBIA via polyubiquitination. It further participates in ubiquitin chain elongation, building chains from UBE2D3-primed NFKBIA-linked ubiquitin. UBE2D3 acts as an initiator E2, adding a single ubiquitin to the phosphorylated NFKBIA at Lys-21 or Lys-22. CDC34 also works with the SCF(SKP2) E3 ligase complex to regulate cell proliferation by ubiquitinating and degrading MYBL2 and KIP1. It is involved in the degradation of CREM isoform ICERIIgamma and ATF15, relieving repression of cAMP-induced transcription during both meiosis and mitosis. CDC34 regulates the cell cycle G2/M phase by targeting WEE1 kinase for ubiquitination and degradation. It also participates in the degradation of beta-catenin. Notably, CDC34 is a target of human herpes virus 1 protein ICP0, leading to an ICP0-dependent interaction with proteasomes.
CDC34 is also known as E2-CDC34, UBC3, UBCH3, UBE2R1.
Associated Diseases
- male infertility with teratozoospermia due to single gene mutation
- partial chromosome Y deletion
- spermatogenic failure 61
- spermatogenic failure 73
- spermatogenic failure 74
- spermatogenic failure 3
- spermatogenic failure 26
- spermatogenic failure 31
- spermatogenic failure 23
- spermatogenic failure 52
- spermatogenic failure 20
- spermatogenic failure 48
- spermatogenic failure 5
- spermatogenic failure 29
- spermatogenic failure 1
- spermatogenic failure 19
- spermatogenic failure 43
- spermatogenic failure 49
