CDC14B
Description
The CDC14B (cell division cycle 14B) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 9.
CDC14B is a human enzyme that belongs to the dual specificity protein tyrosine phosphatase family. It shares strong similarities with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc14, which is involved in cell mitosis exit and DNA replication initiation. CDC14B is believed to regulate the cell cycle by bundling and stabilizing microtubules. It interacts with and removes phosphate groups from the tumor suppressor protein p53, potentially regulating its function. The gene produces three different isoforms through alternative splicing. CDC14B has been shown to interact with p53 and potentially dephosphorylate it at Serine 315, leading to p53 stabilization. Phosphorylation at S315, unlike other p53 phosphorylation events, facilitates p53 degradation. Mice lacking CDC14B exhibit premature aging phenotypes.
CDC14B acts as a dual-specificity phosphatase in response to DNA damage. It plays a crucial role in the G2 DNA damage checkpoint. Upon DNA damage, CDC14B moves to the nucleus and removes phosphate groups from FZR1/CDH1, a key activator of the APC/C (anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome). This dephosphorylation event activates the APC/C, leading to the ubiquitination of PLK1, a protein that prevents entry into mitosis. Additionally, CDC14B removes phosphate groups from SIRT2 around early anaphase. CDC14B preferentially targets proteins that have been modified by proline-directed kinases.
CDC14B is also known as CDC14B3, Cdc14B1, Cdc14B2, hCDC14B.
