CD1A
Description
The CD1A (CD1a molecule) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
CD1A (Cluster of Differentiation 1a) is a human protein encoded by the CD1A gene. This gene belongs to the CD1 family of transmembrane glycoproteins, which are structurally similar to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. CD1 proteins form heterodimers with beta-2-microglobulin and play a crucial role in presenting lipid and glycolipid antigens (both self and microbial) to T cells. The human genome contains five CD1 family genes located in a cluster on chromosome 1. Each member of the CD1 family is believed to have distinct cellular localization and specificity for particular lipid ligands. The CD1A protein resides in the plasma membrane and recycling vesicles of the early endocytotic system. While alternative spliced transcript variants have been observed, their biological significance remains unclear. The expression levels of the CD1A gene are elevated in the lung parenchyma of smokers.
CD1A is an antigen-presenting protein that binds both self and non-self lipid and glycolipid antigens. It then presents these antigens to T-cell receptors on natural killer T-cells. This process is essential for the immune system's ability to recognize and respond to foreign invaders.
CD1A is also known as CD1, FCB6, HTA1, R4, T6.
